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You are here : Home > Training > EFPG Days > 9- Existing pulping alternatives to improve yield and benefits (slides 1-8)

Last update : September 03, 2003

			Second Session : The Yield Issue
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					IX - Existing pulping alternatives to improve yield and benefits Economics of Yield Increase (slides 1-8) M. Sundar, M. Muguet, M. Epiney et G. Homer (Air Liquide)

	1 - Agenda   What is yield?   What do we mean by improved yield?   Is Yield a concern in today's economic environment?   Current options available if we split the kraft process into various zones   Air Liquide vision and contributions   Conclusions				2 - Introduction In all simplicity, we want to:     Minimize carbohydrate loss (hemicellulose included)   Drop the amount of lignin removed   Combine the two Wood Components Pine (%) Birch (%) Cellulose 38-40 40-41 Glucomannan 15-20 2-5 Xylan 7-10 25-30 Lignin 27-29 20-22  Pulp Components  Pine (%) Birch (%) Cellulose 35 34 Glucomannan 5 1 Xylan 5 16 Lignin 2-3 1.5-2

	3 - Yield loss in pulping by alkaline peeling reaction				4 - Key drivers To decrease wood consumption per ton of pulp (or obtain more pulp per ton of wood), key drivers are:     pulp and paper prices   wood cost   utilities

	5 - Wood information (1) Global components of wood Costs fair estimates In the cost of wood, stumpage accounts for 66%, harvesting for 21% and transport for 13% (admin. cost excluded). Data from: Wood Resources International				6 - Wood information (2) Global average wood fiber price Yearly variation of wood fiber price (US$/odmt), from 1989 to 2002 (conifer and non-conifer). Data from: Wood Resources International

	7 - Wood information (3) Conifer wood chip prices Delivered - Q2 2002 Conifer wood chip prices for US South, Chile (round wood), US North-West, Sweden, Finland, Canada West, Canada East and Japan (in US$/m3). Data from: Wood Resources International				8 - Wood information (4) Non-conifer round wood prices Delivered - Q2 2002 Non-conifer round wood prices for US South, Chile, Spain, Indonesia, Finland, Canada and Japan (in US$/m3). Data from: Wood Resources International

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