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        Last update : September 08, 2003
                  Second Session : The Yield Issue                  
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  Logo EFPG     IX - Existing pulping alternatives to improve yield and benefits
Economics of Yield Increase (slides 18-26)

M. Sundar, M. Muguet, M. Epiney et G. Homer (Air Liquide)		  
     
 
18 - Every Mill Manager's Goal
Consider polysulfide as an example for the model.
E.B. Eddy - Polysulfide
The photo represents the agitator (upper left), the
manganese dioxide tank (upper right), the oxygen nozzles
(lower left) and the polysulfide cooler (lower right).
 
19 - Basis for the model (1)
This figure represents the variation of screened yield as a
function of kappa number after cook.
Data from published literature.
 
     
 
20 - Basis for the model (2)
This figure represents the variation of yield loss on wood as
a function of kappa number after cook.
Data from published literature.
   
21 - Basis for the model (3)
This figure represents the yield loss on pulp (kappa drop)
as a function of kappa number after O2.
Data from published literature.
 
     
 
22 - Air Liquide model
Click to get the full size picture (103 Ko, interlaced gif)
   
23 - Heat & solids load: base case vs. AQ
Click to get the full size picture (25 Ko, interlaced gif)
 
     
 
24 - Heat & solids load: PS + AQ
Click to get the full size picture (31 Ko, interlaced gif)
   
25 - Heat & solids load PSAQ:
yield/recovery loading
Kappa Heat Load Chg (%) Solids Load Chg (%) Yield Incr. (%)
26 Base Base Base
26+AQ -2.7 -2.3 +0.7
26+PS/AQ -6.1 -1.1 +1.4
28+AQ -4.2 -3.9 +1.0
28+PS/AQ -7.6 -2.7 +1.8
30+AQ -5.7 -5.5 +1.4
Oxygen requirements for PS generation by white liquor
oxidation using Paprilox process is 20 T/d for a 1,000 T/d
mill.
 
 
26 - Conclusions
  Yield improvement is always desired
  Yield decisions are primarily based on economics
  Polysulfide is an immediate attractive option with or without AQ
 
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