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Update: November 30th 2006

	Scientific report of the LGP2 (2002-2005)
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Researchers of the LGP2 (EFPG, INPG, CNRS, CTP) (November 2006)

	Documents taken from the "Scientific Report of the Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Graphic Arts - UMR 5518 Grenoble - France Janvier 2002-Novembre 2005" recherche@efpg.inpg.fr

I - Papermaking and environment engineering

I - 1 - Introduction

The papermaking engineering is a branch of the process engineering that covers the required knowledge for optimising the unit operations in the paper and board manufacturing. It includes the analysis of the unit operations and a critical study of the most adapted technologies to perform these operations. It provides solutions in terms of optimisation of existing equipments or design of new technologies. Owing to the coupled phenomena taking place, it requires a multidisciplinary scientific approach.

In this context, it is quite naturally that an environmental activity has been developed within the research group for the last ten years. This topic is devoted to a better use and recycling of the raw materials as well as the management and the treatment of the solid and liquid waste. The research undertaken in the papermaking engineering group often associates industrial companies (Air Liquide, Allimand, CTP, Matech, Matussière & Forest, Tembec…) as well as other research groups, either in the LGP2 or in other laboratories (GRECA, Laboratoire de Rhéologie, LACE, LAG, LEPMI, etc…).
The Papermaking and environment engineering research group presently focuses on the following themes:

• modelling and simulation of unit operations;
• transport phenomena;
• process-environment interactions.

These themes cover some well identified scientific domains such as:

• multiphase hydrodynamics in reactors (disintegration, cleaning, screening, flotation);
• rheology of complex phases (defibering, refining);
• transport phenomena (drying);
• particle size reduction (defibering, refining);
• filtration through porous media (forming, pressing, membrane treatment);
• crystallisation in paper mill circuits;
• modelling of chemical, photo chemical and biological reactors applied to the pulp and paper
  industries.

To get a better understanding of the operations means to be able to obtain a synthetic view, thanks to a modelling approach mainly based on physical laws or semi-empirical relationships. Prototype installations, equipped with specific sensors (dedicated to the problem to analyse), permit the validation of the underlying models before industrial scale-up. The comparison between the theoretical concepts that have been derived and the experimental data remains a permanent concern in our group.

Hence, our research in papermaking and environmental engineering is generally conducted according to the following scheme: firstly modelling and design of prototypes and, secondly, validation, simulation, supervision and optimisation of the processes. Finally a scale-up extrapolation is made and decision-making tools may be designed.

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